A multiple regression based method for indirect compensation of hemispherical resonator gyro temperature error.

In order to improve the measuring accuracy of the Hemispherical Resonator Gyro under variable temperature, aiming at the problem of "external temperature is unavailable and internal temperature is unmeasurable," a multiple regression based method is proposed for compensating temperature error in the gyro. The relationship between the internal temperature and the resonant frequency of the gyro is analyzed theoretically. According to a constant temperature experiment, a linear relationship between them is derived based on the least square method. The analysis of a temperature-rising experiment shows that the correlation of the gyro output with the internal temperature is much higher than that with the external temperature. Therefore, taking the resonant frequency as an independent variable, a multiple regression model is established for compensating the temperature error. The compensation effect of the model is verified by temperature-rising and temperature-dropping experiments, which show that the output sequence before compensation is not stable, while it is stable after compensation. After compensation, the drift of the gyro decreases by 62.76% and 48.48%, respectively, and its measuring accuracy becomes equivalent to that at the constant temperature. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model developed for indirect compensation of temperature error.

High-throughput screening of SARS-CoV-2 main and papain-like protease inhibitors

The global COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has infected over 109 million people, leading to over 2 million deaths up to date and still lacking of effective drugs for patient treatment. Here, we screened about 1.8 million small molecules against the main protease (Mpro) and papain like protease (PLpro), two major proteases in severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 genome, and identified 1851Mpro inhibitors and 205 PLpro inhibitors with low nmol/l activity of the best hits. Among these inhibitors, eight small molecules showed dual inhibition effects on both Mpro and PLpro, exhibiting potential as better candidates for COVID-19 treatment. The best inhibitors of each protease were tested in antiviral assay, with over 40% of Mpro inhibitors and over 20% of PLpro inhibitors showing high potency in viral inhibition with low cytotoxicity. The X-ray crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in complex with its potent inhibitor 4a was determined at 1.8 Å resolution. Together with docking assays, our results provide a comprehensive resource for future research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development.

Characteristics of serum bile acids among healthy children in Zhejiang province / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To characterize the serum bile acid profiles of healthy children in Zhejiang Province. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 245 healthy children who underwent imaging and laboratory biochemical tests during routine physical examinations at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2020 to July 2022. Overnight fasting venous blood samples were collected, and the concentrations of 18 individual bile acids in the serum were accurately quantitated using tandem mass spectrometry. The concentration difference of bile acid were compared between different genders and to explore the correlation between age and bile acid levels. Used the Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup comparison and Spearman test to correlation analysis. Results: A total of 245 health children with a age of 10 (8, 12) years including 125 boys and 120 girls. There were no significant differences in levels of total bile acids, primary and secondary bile acids, free and conjugated bile acids between the two gender groups (all P>0.05). The serum concentrations of ursodeoxycholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid in girls were significantly higher than those in boys (199.0 (66.9, 276.5) vs. 154.7 (49.3, 205.0) nmol/L, 274.0 (64.8, 308.0) vs. 181.0 (43.8, 209.3) nmol/L, Z=2.06, 2.71, both P<0.05). The serum taurolithocholic acid in both boys and girls were positively correlated with age (r=0.31, 0.32, both P<0.05). The serum chenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid in the boys group were positively correlated with age (r=0.20, 0.23, both P<0.05), whereas the serum tauroursodeoxycholic acid in the girls group was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.27, P<0.05), and the serum cholic acid was positively correlated with age (r=0.34, P<0.05). Conclusions: The total bile acid levels are relatively stable in healthy children in Zhejiang province. However, individual bile acids showed gender differences and were correlated with age.

Prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-analysis / 预防医学

Objective@#To systematically investigate the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, so as to provide the development of evidence-based psychological interventions among healthcare professionals.@*Methods@#The publications pertaining to the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved in national and international electronic databases from January 1, 2020 through November 30, 2021, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed and Web of Science. The quality of publications was evaluated using the United States Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) quality assessment of included cross-sectional studies, and the pooled prevalence of anxiety was estimated among healthcare professionals using the software Open Meta Analyst version 3.0. The publication bias were evaluated with funnel plots and Begg rank correlation test.@*Results@#Totally 598 publications were retrieved, and 36 eligible publications were enrolled in the final analysis, including 33 Chinese publications and 3 English publications. There were 5 high-quality, 29 moderate-quality and 2 low-quality publications. All investigations pertaining to the prevalence of anxiety among healthcare professionals were conducted in 2020. Totally 19 872 healthcare professionals were investigated, and the prevalence of anxiety was 28.8% (95%CI: 24.0%-33.6%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety was 31.9% (95%CI: 17.6%-46.2%) among healthcare professionals from western China, 29.6% (95%CI: (17.8%-41.4%) from central China, and 25.3% (95%CI: 20.2%-30.3%) from eastern China. The prevalence of anxiety was 4.9% (95%CI: 3.3%-6.4%) among male healthcare professionals and 22.9% (95%CI: 17.7%-28.0%) among male healthcare professionals, and the prevalence of anxiety was 21.6% (95%CI: 13.2%-29.9%) among nurses, 5.2% (95%CI: 2.8%-7.5%) among doctors and 4.8% (95%CI: 2.2%-7.4%) among other healthcare professionals. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anxiety was 18.6% (95%CI: 14.0%-23.2%), 5.5% (95%CI: 4.1%-6.8%) and 1.9% (95%CI: 1.3%-2.5%), respectively. No publication bias was detected as revealed by funnel plots and Begg rank correlation test, and stable meta-analysis results and heterogeneity test were observed.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of anxiety is 28.8% among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, and mild anxiety is predominant. A high prevalence rate of anxiety is seen female healthcare professionals and nurses, who should be given a high priority and timely psychological interventions

Influencing factors for hypotension in patients undergoing double plasma molecular adsorption system artificial liver support therapy / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors for intraoperative hypotension (IOH) in patients undergoing double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) artificial liver support therapy. Methods Clinical data were collected from 181 patients (670 cases in total) who underwent DPMAS artificial liver support therapy in Liver Disease Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from October 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020, and according to the presence or absence of IOH during DPMAS therapy, they were divided into IOH group with 70 patients and non-IOH group with 111 patients.Clinical indicators were compared between the two groups and their association with IOH was analyzed; prognosis was analyzed at 12 and 24 weeks.The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for IOH.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the Z test was used for comparison of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of independent risk factors. Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female individuals, individuals aged ≥50 years, and individuals with normal or low body mass index (BMI) tended to have a higher risk of IOH (all P < 0.05), and the multivariate analysis showed that normal or low BMI (odds ratio [ OR ]=3.290, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.523-7.108, P =0.002) and female sex ( OR =5.146, 95% CI : 2.316-11.432, P < 0.001) were independent risk factor for IOH in patients undergoing DPMAS artificial liver support therapy.The ROC curve analysis of female sex+BMI ≤24 kg/m 2 showed that it had an AUC of 0.639 in predicting IOH ( P =0.002).The patients experiencing IOH had a 12-week survival rate of 55.77%(29/52) and a 24-week survival rate of 50%(26/52), and there were significant differences between the two groups in 12-and 24-week survival rates (12-week: 76.53% vs 55.77%, χ 2 =6.887, P =0.009;24-week: 74.49% vs 50.00%, χ 2 =9.080, P =0.003). Conclusion The risk of hypotension was higher in female patients and that with normal or low BMI during DPMAS artificial liver therapy.Patients with IOH had poor survival prognosis at 24 weeks after DPMAS therapy.

Genomic characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus in Suzhou City / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To investigate the viral molecular mutations of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and host adaptability in Suzhou City.Methods:The throat swab specimens from nine local cases and six imported cases with 2019-nCoV viral nucleic acid test positive in Suzhou City were sequenced for the whole genome of the virus, and the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain was used as the reference sequence for alignment and analysis. The phylogenetic tree of the viral whole genome sequence was constructed by MEGA 7.0 software.Results:According to the Chinese typing method, Nextstrain typing method, Pangolin classification method and Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) typing method, the 15 2019-nCoV genome sequences could be divided into seven types, six types, eight types and five subtypes, respectively. Compared with Wuhan-Hu-1 strain, the median number of amino acid sequence mutation sites based on nucleotide translation was three (ranging from 0 to 12). D614G mutation of spike protein was identified from all six imported viral strains, which could enhance the transmissibility. No Alpha, Beta, or Gamma mutants, which also could enhance the transmissibility, was found in the genomic sequences of the imported cases. The median number of nucleotide mutation sites in 15 sequences was eight (ranging from three to 23).Conclusions:2019-nCoV is constantly mutating, and a variety of evolutionary lineages/genotypes have been derived. All imported viruses in Suzhou City carry mutations that can increase infectivity.

Effect of target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia on the postoperative changes of serum neuron specific enolase, β-amyloid protein and cognitive function in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia on the postoperative changes of serum β-amyloid protein (β-AP), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and cognitive function in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:The clinical data of 78 elderly patients with NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic surgery from December 2017 to December 2019 in Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, target-controlled infusion propofol to maintain anesthesia was in 39 cases (control group), and target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia was in 39 cases (study group). The serum levels β-AP, NSE and cognitive function (assessed by mini mental state examination, MMSE) before and after operation, the postoperative recovery (eye opening time, response time and extubation time) and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between 2 groups.Results:There were no statistical differences in β-AP and NSE before operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the β-AP and NSE immediately and 6 h after operation in study group were significantly lower than those in control group, β-AP: (416.13 ± 22.81) μg/L vs. (510.73 ± 24.27) μg/L and (373.53 ± 21.72) μg/L vs. (430.68 ± 22.15) μg/L, NSE: (8.35 ± 0.66) μg/L vs. (11.13 ± 0.73) μg/L and (7.81 ± 0.61) μg/L vs. (9.12 ± 0.68) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); there were no statistical differences in β-AP and NSE 24 h after operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in MMSE score before operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the MMSE score 6, 24 and 72 h after operation in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: (22.32 ± 2.05) scores vs. (20.54 ± 2.31) scores, (25.19 ± 1.33) scores vs. (23.61 ± 1.08) scores and (26.84 ± 0.97) scores vs. (25.01 ± 1.15) scores, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in MMSE score 7 d after operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The eye opening time, response time and extubation time in study group were significantly shorter than those in control group: (14.15 ± 3.20) min vs. (19.32 ± 3.14) min, (18.08 ± 3.52) min vs. (24.63 ± 4.10) min and (16.21 ± 4.40) min vs. (22.31 ± 4.71) min, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia in elderly patients with NSCLC can reduce the increase of serum levels of β-AP and NSE, reduce the damage to cognitive function, make patients recover quickly after operation, and will not increase the incidence of adverse reactions. Its security is higher.

Application Values of Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Radiomics in the Quantitative Assessment of Liver Reserve Function of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis / 中国医学科学院学报

To evaluate the correlation between the radiomics signature of hepatobiliary phase imaging of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and Child-Pugh of liver cirrhosis,establish nomogram prediction model,and assess the predictive value of quantitative assessment of liver reserve function of patients with liver cirrhosis. One hundred patients with liver cirrhosis who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 52 patients with Child-Pugh grade A and 48 patients with Child-Pugh grade B+C according to Child-Pugh classification criteria,and were randomly divided into training set and test set at a proportion of 7∶3.The AK software was used to extract the imaging features of the Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI hepatobiliary images of the patients in the training set,and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator feature selection algorithm was used to reduce the dimension of the data,select the features,and construct the radiomics tags.According to the radiomics label Rad-score,a line chart(nomogram)prediction model was established to predict the Child-Pugh B+C level of liver reserve function.The model was applied to the training set and test set respectively,and the diagnostic efficiency was quantitatively evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve. After dimension reduction and screening of 396 texture feature parameters extracted by AK software,7 image feature parameters were obtained.According to the above characteristics,the radiomics tag Rad-score was constructed and the nomogram prediction model was created.The differences of Rad-score scores between Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh B+C groups in training set and test set were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test(=0.000, =0.001).The diagnostic efficacy of nomogram prediction model for predicting Child-Pugh B+C grade of liver reserve function in the ROC curve of training set and test set was 0.88 and 0.86 respectively. The nomogram prediction model created according to the radiomics tag Rad-score of patients with liver cirrhosis with different liver reserve functions can be used as a more accurate and reliable auxiliary detection tool for liver reserve function.It provides a new means for clinicians to evaluate liver reserve function more accurately.

[Seroepidemiological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, so as to provide the evidence for the control of T. gondii infections in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. METHODS: A total of 327 patients with gynecological malignant tumors were recruited, and 200 women with normal healthy examinations were served as controls. The serum anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by using ELISA, and the seroprevalence was compared between the patients and controls, and among various types of cancers. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 26.91% (88/327) in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors, which was significantly higher than that (5.00%) in the healthy volunteers (χ2 = 39.36, P<0.01) . The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody in the cancer patients was significantly higher than that in the controls (26.30% vs. 5.00%; χ2 = 37.79, P<0.01), while the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody in the cancer patients was not significantly different from that in the controls (0.92% vs. 0; corrected χ2 = 0.58, P > 0.01) . The positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody were 27.68%, 25.47% and 25.69% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer patients respectively, which were all significantly higher than those in the controls (χ2 = 32.35, 27.32 and 28.00; all P values<0.01); however, there was no significant difference among the various types of cancer patients in the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody (χ2 = 0.17, P > 0.05) . In addition, the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody were 1.79%, 0 and 0.92% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and breast cancer patients respectively, which was not significantly different from those in the controls (all P values > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection is high in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. It is suggested that the prevention and control of T. gondii infection should be strengthened in these patients.

Survey on Toxoplasma gondii infections among three types of populations in Wuxi City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia in Wuxi City, so as to provide data support for the control of toxoplasmosis in these patients. Methods A total of 205 cases with definitive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, 257 cases with definitive diagnosis of malignant tumors and 235 cases with definitive diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited, while 250 healthy volunteers served as controls. The demographic features were captured from the study subjects and serum samples were collected. The serum IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all study subjects, and the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were compared between the patients and controls. Results The seroprevalence of the anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 20.98%, 24.12% and 24.68% in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia, which were all significantly greater than in healthy controls (χ2 = 31.54, 42.12 and 42.98, all P values < 0.01), and the seroprevalence of the anti - T. gondii IgM antibody was 1.46%, 2.72% and 1.70% among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia, which were all significantly higher than in healthy controls (χ2 = 0.06, 1.52 and 0.21, all P values > 0.05). Conclusions The patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia present with higher seroprevalence of the anti-T. gondii IgG antibody than healthy controls in Wuxi regions. Screening of T. gondii infections among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia should be intensified to prevent the damages caused by T. gondii infections.

Seroepidemiological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, so as to provide the evidence for the control of T. gondii infections in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. Methods A total of 327 patients with gynecological malignant tumors were recruited, and 200 women with normal healthy examinations were served as controls. The serum anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by using ELISA, and the seroprevalence was compared between the patients and controls, and among various types of cancers. Results The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 26.91% (88/327) in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors, which was significantly higher than that (5.00%) in the healthy volunteers (χ2 = 39.36, P<0.01) . The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody in the cancer patients was significantly higher than that in the controls (26.30% vs. 5.00%; χ2 = 37.79, P<0.01), while the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody in the cancer patients was not significantly different from that in the controls (0.92% vs. 0; corrected χ2 = 0.58, P > 0.01) . The positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody were 27.68%, 25.47% and 25.69% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer patients respectively, which were all significantly higher than those in the controls (χ2 = 32.35, 27.32 and 28.00; all P values<0.01); however, there was no significant difference among the various types of cancer patients in the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody (χ2 = 0.17, P > 0.05) . In addition, the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody were 1.79%, 0 and 0.92% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and breast cancer patients respectively, which was not significantly different from those in the controls (all P values > 0.05). Conclusions The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection is high in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. It is suggested that the prevention and control of T. gondii infection should be strengthened in these patients.

Survey on Toxoplasma gondii infections among three types of populations in Wuxi City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia in Wuxi City, so as to provide data support for the control of toxoplasmosis in these patients. Methods A total of 205 cases with definitive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, 257 cases with definitive diagnosis of malignant tumors and 235 cases with definitive diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited, while 250 healthy volunteers served as controls. The demographic features were captured from the study subjects and serum samples were collected. The serum IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all study subjects, and the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were compared between the patients and controls. Results The seroprevalence of the anti-T. gondii IgG antibody was 20.98%, 24.12% and 24.68% in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia, which were all significantly greater than in healthy controls (χ2 = 31.54, 42.12 and 42.98, all P values < 0.01), and the seroprevalence of the anti - T. gondii IgM antibody was 1.46%, 2.72% and 1.70% among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia, which were all significantly higher than in healthy controls (χ2 = 0.06, 1.52 and 0.21, all P values > 0.05). Conclusions The patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia present with higher seroprevalence of the anti-T. gondii IgG antibody than healthy controls in Wuxi regions. Screening of T. gondii infections among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, malignant tumors and schizophrenia should be intensified to prevent the damages caused by T. gondii infections.

Inactivation of Poliovirus by Ozone and the Impact of Ozone on the Viral Genome / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanisms underlying ozone-induced inactivation of poliovirus type 1 (PV1).@*METHODS@#We used cell culture, long-overlapping RT-PCR, and spot hybridization assays to verify and accurately locate the sites of action of ozone that cause PV1 inactivation. We also employed recombinant viral genome RNA infection models to confirm our observations.@*RESULTS@#Our results indicated that ozone inactivated PV1 primarily by disrupting the 5'-non-coding region (5'-NCR) of the PV1 genome. Further study revealed that ozone specifically damaged the 80-124 nucleotide (nt) region in the 5'-NCR. Recombinant viral genome RNA infection models confirmed that PV1 lacking this region was non-infectious.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, we not only elucidated the mechanisms by which ozone induces PV1 inactivation but also determined that the 80-124 nt region in the 5'-NCR is targeted by ozone to achieve this inactivation.

Genetic characteristics of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) virus in Suzhou City / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze host adaptability and drug resistance variation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N6) viruses obtained from outbreaks in Suzhou City. Methods Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used for influenza virus detection in pharynx or anus swabs of dead birds and suspected cases. Full genome of H5N6 positive samples were sequenced by using Sanger method. Hemagglutinin (HA) and neuramidinase (NA) phylogenetic trees were constructed by MEGA software. Results A child was laboratory confirmed to have A(H5N6) viruses infection in November 2018. A outbreak of avian flu in poultry in W district during the Spring Festival was laboratory confirmed as a A(H5N6) epidemic situation. Avian-origin H5N6 viruses possessed D198N and Q226H resistance mutations. The homology of HA and NA genes of Suzhou strains were 98.01%-100.0% and 98.16%-100.0%, respectively. These H5N6 strains belonged to 2.3.4.4 H5 clad. Multiple basic amino acid at the cleavage site of HA implied the highly pathogenic characteristics of Suzhou H5N6 strains. Conclusion H5N6 is a kind of malti-sourse reassortment virus, which is still evolving. Multiple loci of Suzhou H5N6 strains of this epidemic were identified to have drifted. The prevalence of drug-resistant mutations should be closely monitored in order to timely take effective measures to prevent serious damage to public health and poultry production industries.

Seroepidemiological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with gynecological malignant tumors, so as to provide the evidence for the control of T. gondii infections in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. Methods A total of 327 patients with gynecological malignant tumors were recruited, and 200 women with normal healthy examinations were served as controls. The serum anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by using ELISA, and the seroprevalence was compared between the patients and controls, and among various types of cancers. Results The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 26.91% (88/327) in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors, which was significantly higher than that (5.00%) in the healthy volunteers (χ2 = 39.36, P<0.01) . The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody in the cancer patients was significantly higher than that in the controls (26.30% vs. 5.00%; χ2 = 37.79, P<0.01), while the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody in the cancer patients was not significantly different from that in the controls (0.92% vs. 0; corrected χ2 = 0.58, P > 0.01) . The positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody were 27.68%, 25.47% and 25.69% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer patients respectively, which were all significantly higher than those in the controls (χ2 = 32.35, 27.32 and 28.00; all P values<0.01); however, there was no significant difference among the various types of cancer patients in the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgG antibody (χ2 = 0.17, P > 0.05) . In addition, the positive rates of anti-T. gondii IgM antibody were 1.79%, 0 and 0.92% in ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and breast cancer patients respectively, which was not significantly different from those in the controls (all P values > 0.05). Conclusions The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection is high in the patients with gynecological malignant tumors. It is suggested that the prevention and control of T. gondii infection should be strengthened in these patients.

Analysis on hemagglutinin gene characterizes of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in Suzhou city during 2016—2017 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To analyze epidemiological and genetic characteristics of the fifth avian influenza A (H7N9) wave in Suzhou, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of H7N9 virus infection.@*Methods@#Respectively, influenza A/B, H1N1 (pdm09), H3, H5N1, and H7N9 real-time PCR kits were used to detected pharyngeal swab samples which were collected from severe acute respiratory syndrome infection (SARI) cases in Suzhou. The H7N9-positive samples were further examined for virus isolation and gene sequencing.@*Results@#The H7N9 virus was mainly prevalent in winter in Suzhou City. In the fifth H7N9 virus epidemic, the overall fatality rate of human infection with H7N9 virus in Suzhou city was 40% (22/55). Additionally, most were older people (median age was 58 years) and more than 80% of H7N9 patients had live poultry exposure history. The nucleic acid homology of HA gene was 98.7-100%. There were no mutations in the key sites of the HA gene sequence.@*Conclusions@#The H7N9 virus can not be effectively spread in the crowd currently, with no significant changes in receptor binding sites (RBS). In addition, exposure to live poultry or contaminated environment is still the main source of human infection with H7N9. At present, the viruses circulating in Suzhou city are low pathogenic to poultry.

Effects of Geraniin on Modulating the Expression of Cbfα 1 Gene in Rabbit Osteoporotic Fracture / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the the effects of geraniin on modulating the mRNA expression of corebinding factor α 1 (Cbfα 1). Methods The m RNA expressions of Cbfα 1 were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results As compared with the sham group, the expressions of Cbfα 1 mRNA were markedly suppressed in the model group, 12 and 24 w after OPF (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the model group, geraniin significantly increased mRNA expressions of Cbfα 1. Conclusion Geraniin can upregulate Cbfα 1 gene expression and improve the treatment for OPF.

Serosurvey of Avian metapneumovirus, Orithobacterium rhinotracheale, and Chlamydia psittaci and Their Potential Association with Avian Airsacculitis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Seasonal outbreaks of airsacculitis in China's poultry cause great economic losses annually. This study tried to unveil the potential role of Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV), Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) and Chlamydia psittaci (CPS) in avian airsacculitis. A serological investigation of 673 breeder chickens and a case-controlled study of 430 birds were undertaken. Results showed that infection with AMPV, ORT, and CPS was highly associated with the disease. The correlation between AMPV and CPS were positively robust in both layers and broilers. Finally, we determined the co-infection with AMPV, ORT, and CPS was prevalent in the sampled poultry farms suffering from respiratory diseases and the outbreak of airsacculitis was closely related to simultaneous exposure to all three agents.

Effects of Enhanced Exercise and Combined Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Chinese Women / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To observe the effects of enhanced exercise and combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation on muscular strength and fracture occurrence in postmenopausal women with a high risk of osteoporosis.Methods Totally 614 postmenopausal women at high risk factors of osteoporosis were enrolled in Dongcheng district of Beijing and randomized into four groups:group A(control group,n=173),group B(regular Tai Chi exercise,n=171),group C(calcium 600 mg/d+VitD800 U/d,n=139),and group D[calcium 600 mg/d+25 hydroxyl vitamin D(25OHD) 0.25 μg/d,n=131].Muscular strength was measured at baseline and one and two years after intervention.Bone turnover markers were measured at baseline and during the two-year follow-up.Falls and fractures were recorded.Results The incidence of 25OHD<50 nmol/L was approximately 92.6%.During the follow-up,the left grip strength decreased significantly two years after intervention(t=-3.252,P=0.001)in group A.Right grip strength decreased significantly in group B(t=2.460,P=0.015)while left grip strength improved significantly in group C(t=-2.051,P=0.043)one year after intervention.In group D,muscular strength in both 12-month and 24-month did not change compared with baseline(both P>0.05).Furthermore,serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide elevated significantly in group A(t=-2.962,P=0.004),group B(t=-2.888,P=0.005),and group C(t=-2.441,P=0.016),whereas β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen decreased significantly in group B(t=2.285,P=0.024)and group D(t=2.596,P=0.011)two years after intervention.Conclusion Enhanced exercise and combined calcium vitamin D supplementation may help sustain muscle strength in postmenopausal women,while calcium and vitamin D supplementation may improve muscular strength within a short period of time.

Epidemic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease related virus in Suzhou from 2010 to 2015 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the epidemical features, etiological and clinical characteristics of HFMD in Suzhou city, from 2011 to 2015, providing the scientific supports for HFMD prevention and control.@*Methods@#In each district of Suzhou city, at least five specimens of mild cases were collected per month, while all of the severe cases were sampled. The RNA from each sample was examined using a commercially available real-time PCR kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 11.5 software.@*Results@#We retrospectively analyzed HFMD epidemiological data in Suzhou from 2011 to 2015, a total of 4 552 outpatients in Suzhou city were diagnosed with HFMD, including 2 818 positive specimen, the total positive rate was 61.90%, and there was a significant difference in the positive rates between the adjacent years (χ2=186.09, P<0.0001). From 2011 to 2015 in Suzhou, HFMD mainly affected children aged 1 to 5 years old, 66.17% of them were 1to 3 years old. Enterovirus 71(EV71) and coxsackievirus A16(CVA16) were the predominant viral genotypes in Suzhou from 2011 to 2012, and 2014. In 2013, other EVs were dominant, the severe cases mainly correlated with EV71 subtypes, and the proportion of patients with severe disease was significantly decreased in 2013.@*Conclusions@#EV71 and CVA16 are still the important pathogens of HFMD, other EVs also occupy a certain proportion, it is the time to select one or two advantage pathogens from the other EVs into the HFMD monitoring.